It was a spectacular finale to the contest in North London, with Spurs’ Erik Dier adjudged to have handled the ball in the box by referee Peter Bankes following a VAR review.
It led to Wilson’s 97th-minute leveller, dispatched from the spot beyond Hugo Lloris, which handed the Magpies a precious point.
Lucas Moura had slotted home the opener from close range with 25 minutes gone, rewarding the hosts for their dominant showing early on.
United’s goalkeeper Karl Darlow was in inspired form, repelling Mourinho’s men again and again, but he was unable to prevent Moura’s tap-in as Steve Bruce’s side fell behind.
But Wilson’s equalizer came at the perfect time for Newcastle, who snatched a draw with what was almost the final kick of the game.
Spurs went close to taking a very early lead, when Giovani Lo Celso’s curling free kick was expertly kept out by Darlow, who then produced an even better save to deny Harry Kane from point-blank range.
The game was just a couple of minutes old at that stage, and Darlow was kept busy in the opening exchanges. He saved brilliantly again soon after, turning away Kane’s header from Pierre Emile Hojbjerg’s cross with a strong left hand.
Just after the midway point in the first period though, Spurs found a way through. The hosts broke down the left with Kane, who made his way into the box. The England frontman’s low cross across the face of goal fell invitingly for Moura at the far post, and he prodded home after beating Matt Ritchie to the ball.
Moments later, after Son Heung-min has squandered an opportunity to make it two, Darlow was in action again, tipping away a Kane shot. Son then tried his luck as Jose Mourinho’s men upped the ante, but saw his left-footed shot cannon back off the upright.
The first half was largely one-way traffic. Dier planted a free header wide just after the half hour and, just before the break, Son’s fierce effort thumped the crossbar, with Darlow beaten.
Spurs went even closer to Kane scuffed wise after the restart, while Lo Celso stabbed one straight at the Magpies’ stopper. United’s best move, which involved Ritchie, Joelinton and Miguel Almirón, culminated in a shot from Jeff Hendrick, which flashed wide.
Late on, substitute Erik Lamela whipped in a free kick which Darlow dealt with superbly, tipping it over the bar – but the real drama occurred deep into added time.
One of United’s replacements, Andy Carroll, won an aerial challenge as Newcastle pushed forward late on, with the ball striking Dier’s arm as the pair landed.
After a protracted VAR check, a penalty was awarded, with Wilson stepping up to beat Hugo Lloris from the spot and earn the visitors the unlikeliest of points.