The 19-year-old Academy product is currently on loan at League Two side Hartlepool United, who he made his professional debut for during Pools' FA Cup fourth round tie at Crystal Palace last month.
Hailing from Carlisle, the attacking midfielder joined United's Academy in 2016, progressing through the Magpies' youth ranks before making his Newcastle first-team debut during a pre-season draw at Rotherham United in July 2021.
A representative of England at under-18 level, the Cumbrian youngster also registered an assist on his first league start for Hartlepool during a 3-1 comeback win over Barrow at Victoria Park.
Head coach Eddie Howe has been impressed by the highly-rated playmaker to offer him a new deal on Tyneside.
White told nufc.co.uk: "I'm delighted to have signed until 2025. It's been a good few months for the club, it looks like we're heading in the right direction and I'm happy to be a part of it."