Magpies boss Eddie Howe has opted to make two changes to his line-up following Wednesday's 3-3 draw with Liverpool, with Sandro Tonali and Anthony Gordon among the substitutes as Barnes and Longstaff step up to take on the Bees.
Nick Pope continues in goal behind the settled backline of Tino Livramento, Fabian Schär, Dan Burn and Lewis Hall.
Longstaff's inclusion is the only alteration to United's midfield trio, with Bruno Guimarães and Joelinton both in from the start alongside him.
And Barnes and Jacob Murphy will look to provide the ammunition for forward Alexander Isak to continue his fine recent form in front of goal.
Howe has named a strong-looking bench, with Tonali and Gordon joined by Kieran Trippier, Callum Wilson and Miguel Almirón.
Matt Targett, Lloyd Kelly and Will Osula are also included, along with substitute goalkeeper Martin Dúbravka.
Newcastle United: Nick Pope; Tino Livramento, Fabian Schär, Dan Burn, Lewis Hall; Sean Longstaff, Bruno Guimarães, Joelinton; Jacob Murphy, Alexander Isak, Harvey Barnes.
Substitutes: Martin Dúbravka, Kieran Trippier, Lloyd Kelly, Matt Targett, Sandro Tonali, Miguel Almirón, Anthony Gordon, Callum Wilson.