After a goalless first half, which saw Fulham striker Raúl Jiménez sent off following a late challenge on Sean Longstaff, Lewis Miley's composed finish broke the deadlock at St. James' Park, with the 17-year-old midfielder becoming the club's youngest ever Premier League goalscorer in the process.
Miguel Almirón's close-range strike doubled the hosts' advantage shortly before Dan Burn, playing against his former club, bundled home United's third goal of the afternoon in the closing stages as Eddie Howe's side moved into sixth place of the English top-flight.
Fabian Schär created the opening goalscoring opportunity of the league contest as the Swiss defender completed a short free-kick with Anthony Gordon before his resulting strike at goal flashed wide of the right-hand post.
Newcastle were dealt an early blow as Schär pulled up with a suspected hamstring injury following a run inside his own half before Bruno Guimarães saw a first-time effort from Gordon's cutback directed over the crossbar.
Fulham were reduced to ten men before the half-hour mark as Jiménez received a straight red card. The Mexican was initally booked for a late challenge on Longstaff before, after a VAR review, referee Sam Barrott brandished a red card to the in-form striker.
Gordon went agonisingly close to breaking the deadlock for the Magpies as the Liverpool-born forward cleverly controlled Emil Krafth's lofted cross from the right flank before drilling his shot off the underside of the woodwork, with the loose ball quickly firing through the legs of Longstaff.
Martin Dúbravka produced an important stop to prevent the visitors from opening the scoring as Alex Iwobi capitalised on Joelinton's misplaced pass but the Nigerian midfielder's strike was held by the Slovakian shot-stopper.
In the 57th minute, Newcastle took the lead as Miley, introduced from the bench in the first half in place of the injured Joelinton, netted his first senior goal for his boyhood club.
After Guimarães managed to evade a series of challenges on the edge of the penalty area, the ball fell kindly into the teenager's path, who calmly placed the ball into the left-hand corner before celebrating in front of a raucous Gallowgate End.
The Magpies extended their lead seven minutes later as Almirón netted his fifth goal of the 2023/24 season in all competitions. After Gordon's low pass, intended for Callum Wilson, ran through into the Paraguayan's path, the South American winger was on hand to tuck the ball into an empty net.
Emil Krafth went close to netting his first Magpies goal since May 2021 as the ball was cleared into the Swedish defender's path on the edge of the box before his ferocious drive flew narrowly over the crossbar.
In the 82nd minute, Burn added gloss to the scoreline with his third goal of the season across all competitions. After Almirón's initial shot was blocked following Guimarães' free-kick, the Brazilian's impressive cross found Burn at the back post who, despite seeing his header saved by Leno, managed to stab the loose ball into the net from close-range.
With the full-time whistle approaching, Wilson almost added a fourth goal for the Magpies as the England international raced onto Guimarães' through pass before his resulting shot struck the foot of the left-hand post but it would not prove of major significance in a victorious display from Howe's side.
